Drilling mechanism



Feb. 26, 1929. v 1,703,229'- E. G. GARTIN DRILLING MECHANISM Filed March 13, 1924 Patented Feb. 26, `1929.

UNITED STA TES PATENT OFFICE.

ELMRR G. GAR'PIN, or cLAREMoNT, NEW HAMPSHIRE, AssIofNoR To SULLIVAN MACHINERY COMPANY, A CORPORATION or MAssAcRUsE'rrs.

DRILLING MEcIIANIsM.

Application led llareh` 13, 1924. Serial No. 699,116.

My invention relates to drilling mechanisms.

It has for its object to provide an improved drilling mechanism. Another object is to provide an improved drilling mechanism of the pick hammer t-ype. Another objectis to provide improved fluid 'actuated valve distributing mechanism for the motor. A further obj ect is to provide an improved hammer type drilling mechanism having a hammer piston to one end of which pressure fluid is constantly supplied. A still further object is to provide improved valve mechanism, one movement of which is caused by fluid flowing from the'end of the motor cylinder to which constant pressure fluid is supplied. l

In the accompanying drawings I have shown for purposes of illustration one form which my invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings,

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side elevation,

' v partly broken away, to show the piston and valve in a vdifferent operative relation from that shown in Fig. 1.

In the illustrative form of m invention- I have shown the same as comprlsing a cylinder 1 having an elongated 'forward extension 2 carrying a chuck housing 3 within which is disposed the shank 4 of a collared steel 5. This steel is held in its operative position as by a coiled spring tool retainer 6 carried on the housing 3 as by spiral grooves 7 formed in the periphery thereof. Disposed within the cylinder is a vbore 8 communicating with a rey duced bore 9 and within which is a reciprocable piston 10 having a forwardly projecting striking bar 11. Carried on the'rear end of the cylinder 1 is a head 12 carrying a detachable handle 13 within which is disposed a usual spring pressed fluid control valve 14 manually operated by a member 15 mounted on said handle as` at 16.

.Disposed within the head 12 are a plurality of stepped bores 17' and 18` ,Within which is reciprocably mounted a fluid controlled distributing valve 19 having a straight cylindrical inner bore 20 adapted to have telescopic engagement with the piston 10 when the same is 1n itsrearmost position.

This valve has outerfe-nlarged and reducedcylindrical portions 21 and 22 disposed within the bores 18 and 17 respectively, the rear end of the enlarged ortion 21 being beveled as at 23 while 'a orward radial surface 24 pivotally i formed at the juncture of the enlarged and reduced portions has a small groove' 25 disposed therein to allow actuating fluid to gain access thereto. The valve 19 is somewhat shorter than the combined length of the bores 17 and 18 so that when in its 'rear position the exhaustport 26 will be opened, but when in its forward position, said exhaust port will be closed to allow the rear and front ends of the cylinder 8 to have communication as by a port 27 leading from a longitudinal passage 28 which terminates adjacent the front end of the cylinder as by the port 29. A pasi sage 30 also allows communication between the passage 28 and the cylinder whenthe piston 10 is in either its forward or rearward position. Live Jressure fluid is continuously assumed that the piston 10 is about to be driven rearwardly by pressure fluidy continul ously supplied through the passage 34 while the rear end of the cylinder is exhausted through the port 26, the valve 19 being held r-in its rear position to hold said port open as by continuous supply of .live pressure fluid acting upon the surface 24. -It is tobe noted thatthe l'nessure on the bevel'surface 23 is also vented to atmosphere as' through the. v

passage 30. As the pistoz. moves rearwardly the port 29 will be uncovered and the port 30 closed to allow flow of live pressure fluid to the bevel surface 23 which will overcome the pressure acting upon the surface 24 to forcethe valve 19 in a forward direction closing the exhaust port 26 and allowing live pressure fluid to act upon the rear endof the piston 10 to drive the same forwardly. The initial impulse given' the 'piston 10 by the continuous pressure in the front end of the cylinder 1 islsuflicient to carry the piston to the position, shown lin Fig. 2. As the piston travels forwardly the port 29 will be closed and expansion of the operating fluid will l take place in the rear end of the cylinder with a resultant reduction ofpressure. As soon as the valve is thrown', the cylinder is open to exhaust lthrough the port v26, `and paspressure on the bevel surface 23 will decrease until the effective force thereof is less than the effective force acting on the surface 24,

which latter force. will cause rearward movement of the valve and exhaust fiuid through the port 26.

While I haveiin this application specifically described one form which my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood thatv this form of the same is shown for purposes 'of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit'or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A motor comprising a cylinder, a pressurefluid actuatedpiston reciprocably mountedtherein, and Huid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston .comprising passage means for supplying live pressure fluid continuously to one end of said piston, and a hollow sleeve valve open from end to end and arranged in axial alinement with said cylinder and through which said piston is slidable, said valve having differential annular pressure areas for allowing actuation'of said valve by iuid acting thereon, one of said areas being subjected to consta'n't pressure while an opposed area is subjected to iuctuating pressures.

2. A motor comprising a cylinder, a pressure iiuid actuated piston reciprocably mounted therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said)y piston -comprising passage means for supplying livev pressure fluid continuously to one end of said piston, a hollow sleeve valve arranged in axial alinement with said cylinder and open-from end to end and having differential pressure areas for allowing actuation of said valve by fluid acting thereon, one of said areas being subjected to constant pressure while an opposed area is subjected to fiuctuating pressures, and an exhaust for one end of said cylinder controlled by said valve so as to be opened when the valve is shifted by pressure on said constant pressure area.

3. A motor'comprising a cylinder, a pressure fluid actuated piston reciprocably mounted therein, and vHuid distribution means for effecting reciprocation, of' said piston comprising a hollow sleeve valve arranged in axial alinement with said cylinder and having differential .pressure areas for allowing actuation of said valve by fluid acting thereon; passage means for supplying live pressure fluid continuously to the forward end ofsaid piston, a passage communieating with said passage means for subjecting one pressure area on said valve to constant pressure, passage means for supplying pressure fluid to an opposed area on said sage means also supplying iiuid to the rear end of said cylinder, and exhaust means for. the rear end of said cylinder controlled by said valve. l

4. A motor comprising a cylinder, a pressure fluid actuated piston reciproca-bly mounted therein, and iiuid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston lcomprising a hollow sleeve valve open from end to end and arranged in axial alinement with said cylinder and having differential pressure areas for allowing actuation of said valve by fluid acting thereon, passage means for supplying live pressure Huid continuously -to one end of' said piston, means for subjecting an area on said valve to live iiuid from said passage means, exhaust means or the other end of said cylinder controlled by said valve, and means for subjecting an opposed area on said valve to the variable pressure in the other end whereby said valve is actuated when-the,

expansion of the piston actuating fluid has reached a predetermined point in said latter cylinder end. p

5. A motor comprising a cylinder, a pressure Huid. actuated piston reciprocably mounted therein, and fluid distribution means for eliecting reciprocation of said piston comprising a live fluid supply passage having continuous communication with one end of said cylinder, a hollow sleeve valve open from end to end and arranged in axial alinement with said cylinder through which said piston is slidable during running of said motor and having spaced radially disposed large and small annular pressure areas, a rear cylinder supply passage adapted to allow communication bentween the front cylinder end and the large.

area on said valve and .which is controlled by said piston, a continuously open passage between said live fluid passageand the small l area on `said valve, and an exhaustport for the rear end of said cylinder controlled by said valve.

6. A motor comprising a cylinder, a pressure fluid actuated-piston reciprocably mounted therein, and fluid distribution means for eii'ecting reciprocation of said piston comprisinga live fluid supply passage having continuous communication with one end of said cylinder, a hollow sleeve valve arranged in axial alinement', with said cylinder and havingv spaced radially disposed large and small pressure areas, a rear cylinder supply passage adapted to allow communication between'the front cylinder end and the large area on said valve and which is controlled by said piston, a continuously open passage between said live fluid passage and the small area on said valve,

an exhaust port for the rear end of said cylinder controlled by said valve, and a-passage between the rear end of said cylinder and the supply passage leadingv thereto and which is controlled by said piston to permit exhaust of pressure fluid acting on said large area.'

7 A motor comprising a cylinder, a pressure fluid actuated piston reciprocably mounted therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston comprising a live fluid supply ,passage having continuous communication with the forward end of said cylinder, avalve chamber arranged in axial alinement with said cylinder and forming a continuation of the cylinder bore within which said piston is movable, a hollow sleeve velve in said chamber within which said piston is adapted to move, said valve having an enlarged radial flange and a reduced sleeve portion, the flange having opposed differential pressure areas, a rear cylinder supply passage adapted to allow communication between the front cylinder end and one area on said flange and which is controlled by said piston, a continuously open passage between the live fluid passage and an opposed area` on said flange,

' an exhaust port for the rear end of said cylinder controlled by the sleeve portion of said valve, and a passage between the rear end of said cylinder and the supply passage leading thereto and which is controlled b said piston to exhaust the pressure fluid in said rear cylinder supply passage which acts on the larger of said areas.4

8. A motor comprising a cylinder, a pressure fluid actuated piston reciprocably mounted therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston comprising passage means for supplying live pressure fluid continuously to one end of said piston, and a hollow sleeve valve disposed coaxially with said cylinder and within which said piston is adapted to move, said valve having differential pressure areas for allowing actuation thereof by fluid acting thereon, a passage controlled by said pistonv for conducting fluid' from the forward end of said cylinder to the rear end thereof, said passage also being controlled by said valve, a relief port in directy communication with said passage forrelieving the pressure o n the larger of said valve areas, and an exhaust passage for the rear end of said vcylinder Controlled by said valve.

In testimony whereof I alix my signature.

ELMER G. GARTIN. 

